.\" $Id$
.TH EM_ASS 6 "$Revision$"
.ad
.SH NAME
em_ass \- EM assembler/loader
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B ~em/lib/ack/em_ass
[options] argument ...
.SH DESCRIPTION
Em_ass assembles and links EM modules.
Arguments may be flags, EM modules or libraries.
Flags recognized are:
.IP "-ss, -sm, -sl, -sx"
Indicate that the program is small, medium, large, or extra large.
Large is the default.
.IP -p
List all procedure names together with base-address (decimal and octal),
procedure number and module of definition.
.IP -d
Used for debugging em_ass itself.
.IP -U
With this flag, em_ass has exit status 0 even when there are unresolved
references.
.PD
.PP
em_ass assembles and links together compact EM assembly language modules
from files and libraries,
producing an e.out file as described in [1].
.PP
Two different types of arguments are allowed:
.IP "1 -"
Compact EM assembly language modules (optimized or not), recognized by a
magic number in the first word.
.PD 0
.IP "2 -"
UNIX archives, as maintained by arch(1). These archives must contain
EM modules only.
.PD
.PP
EM modules may contain a library message specifying the names
of procedures and external data defined inside the module.
These will only be loaded
if they contain definitions of procedures or data imported by
previously assembled modules.
When \fIack\fP(1) is provided with the -LIB flag it tells the
EM-optimizer \fIem_opt\fP(6) to insert a library messages
when optimizing modules.
The EM-archiver \fIarch\fP(1) can be used to create libraries
from EM modules.
.PP
Note that it is not possible to do a partial load;
loading starts from compact EM code and produces binary
EM code. No symbol table and no relocation bits are produced.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
ack(1), arch(1)
.PD 0
.IP [1]
A.S. Tanenbaum, Hans van Staveren, Ed Keizer and Johan
Stevenson "Description of a machine architecture for use with
block structured languages" Informatica report IR-81.
.SH DIAGNOSTICS
Various diagnostics may be produced. In the case of compiler
produced code the only messages to expect are "Out of memory"
or of the
form: Overflow in XXXX. The latter can usually be cured by giving
a -sx flag,
the former means the program is too big, diminishing
the size of very large procedures can sometimes help.
The most likely errors, however, are unresolved references,
probably caused by the omission of a library argument.
.SH AUTHOR
Ed Keizer, Vrije Universiteit