The rewritten code rules bring 3 new features:
1. The new rules compare a small constant with a register by
reversing the comparison and using `cmpwi` or `cmplwi`. The old
rules put the constant in a register.
2. The new rules emit shorter code to yield the test results,
without referencing the tables in mach/powerpc/ncg/tge.s.
3. The new rules use the extended `beq` and relatives, not the
basic `bc`, in the assembly output.
I delete the old tristate tokens and the old moves, because they
confused me. Some of the old moves weren't really moves. For
example, `move R3, C0` and then `move C0, R0` did not move r3 to r0.
I rename C0 to CR0.
This fixes the coercion from IND_ALL_D to FREG. The coercion had
never happened, because IND_ALL_D had 8 bytes but FREG had 4 bytes.
Instead, ncg always stacked the IND_ALL_D and unstacked a FREG. The
stacking rule uses f0, so the code did load f0 with the indirect
value, push f0 to stack, load f1 to stack, move stack pointer. Now
that FREG has 8 bytes, ncg does the coercion, and the code just loads
f1 with the indirect value.
Always use 'kills ALL' when reaching a label, because our registers
and tokens have the wrong values if the program jumps to this label
from somewhere else.
When falling through a label, if the top element is in r3, then
require that the rest of the stack is in the real STACK, not in
registers or tokens.
I'm doing this to be certain that the missing constraints are not
causing bugs. I did not find any such bug, perhaps because the labels
are usually near other instructions (like conditional branches and
function calls) that stack or kill tokens.
This is for fef 8 and fif 8. I changed .fef8 so it no longer kills
r7, but I don't want to update the list. We already use "kills ALL"
for most other calls to libem.
The new features are the hi16/lo16 and ha16/lo16 syntax for
relocations, and the extended mnemonics like "blr".
Use ha16/lo16 to load some double floats with 2 instructions (lis/lfd)
instead of 3 (lis/ori/lfd).
Use the extended names for branches, comparisons, and bit rotations,
so I can more easily read the code. The new names often encode the
same machine instructions as the old names, except in a few places
where I changed the instructions.
Stop using andi. when we don't need to set cr0. In inn.s, I change
andi. to extrwi to extract the same bits. In los.s and sts.s, I
change "andi. r3, r3, ~3" to "clrrwi r3, r3, 2". This avoids setting
cr0 and also stops clearing the high 16 bits of r3.
In csa.s, los.s, sts.s, I change some comparisons and right shifts
from signed to unsigned (cmplw, cmplwi, srwi), because the sizes are
unsigned. In inn.s, the right shift can be signed (sraw) or unsigned
(srw), but I use srw because we don't need the carry bit.
In fef8.s, I save an instruction by using rlwinm instead of addis/andc
to rlwinm to clear a field. The code no longer kills r7. In both
fef8.s and fif8.s, I remove the list of killed registers.
Also remove some whitespace from ends of lines.
Also make a few changes to basic mnemonics. Fix typo in name of the
basic "creqv". Add the basic "addc" and relatives, because it would
be odd to have the extended "subc" without "addc". Fix the basic
"rldicl", "rldicr", "rldic", "rldimi" to correctly encode the 6-bit MB
field. Fix "slw" and relatives to correctly swap their RA and RS
operands.
Add many, but not all, of the extended mnemonics from IBM's Power ISA
Version 2.06 Book I Appendix E. (I used 2.06, published 2009, just
because I already had the PDF of it.) This commit includes mnemonics
for branching, subtraction, traps, bit rotation, and a few others,
like "mflr" and "nop". The assembler now understands branches like
`beq cr7, label` and bit shifts like `slwi r7, r7, 2`. These encode
the same machine instructions as the basic "bc" and "rlwinm".
Some operands to basic names become optional. The assembler no longer
requires the level in "sc" or the branch hint in "bcctr" and "bclr";
they default to zero. Some extended names take an optional branch
hint or condition register.
Some extended names are still missing. I don't provide names with
static branch prediction, like "beq+" or "bge-", because the assembler
parses '+' and '-' as operators, not as part of an instruction name.
I also don't provide some names that 2.06 has for moving to or from
the condition register or some special purpose registers, names like
"mtcr" or "mfuamr".
This commit also deletes some unused tokens and one unused yacc rule.
I need this so I can add more %token lines to mach/powerpc/as/mach2.c
The assembler's tempfile encoded each token in a byte. This only
worked with tokens 0 to 127 and 256 and 383. If a token 384 or higher
existed, the assembler stopped working. I need tokens 384 and higher.
I change the token encoding to a 2-byte little-endian integer. I also
change a byte in the string encoding.
See issue #1 (https://github.com/davidgiven/ack/issues/1). The file
mach/proto/as/comm2.y goes through cpp twice. The _include macro,
defined in comm2.y and used in comm0.h, delays the inclusion of system
header files. The inclusion of <stdint.h> wasn't delayed. This
caused multiple inclusions of <sys/_types.h> in FreeBSD and
<machine/_types.h> in OpenBSD.
Use _include to delay <stdint.h>. Also use _include for "arch.h" and
"out.h", because h/out.h includes <stdint.h> and h/arch.h might
include it in the future.
Sort the system includes in comm0.h by moving them up to be with
<stdint.h>. Must include <stdint.h> before "mach0.c", because
mach/powerpc/as/mach0.c needs it. Must include "mach0.c" before
checking ASLD.
In my OpenBSD/amd64 system, the code becomes
if (0)
outname.on_valu &= ~(((0xFFFFFFFF)<<32)<<32);
The 0xFFFFFFFF is a 32-bit int, so the left shift by 32 is out of
range and causes the gcc warning.
The intent might be to clear any sign-extended bits, if the assignment
outname.on_valu = valu did sign extension. Old C had no unsigned
long, so .on_valu would have been long. The code is obsolete because
h/out.h now declares .on_valu as uint32_t.
possible values. Add the PowerPC ncg and mcg backend support to let the test
actually run, including modifying a bunch of PowrePC libem functions so that
they can be called from both ncg and mcg.
assembler directives, ha16() and has16(), for the upper half; has16() applies
the sign adjustment. .powerpcfixup is now gone, as we generate the relocation
in ha*() instead. Add special logic to the linker for undoing and redoing the
sign adjustment when reading/writing fixups. Tests still pass.
This provides and, ior, xor, com, zer, set, cms when defined($1) and
ior, set when !defined($1). I don't provide the other operations
!defined($1) because our Modula-2 compiler hasn't used them.
I wrote a Modula-2 example in
https://gist.github.com/kernigh/add79662bb3c63ffb7c46d01dc8ae788
Put a dummy comment in mach/powerpc/libem/build.lua so git checkout
will touch that file. Without the touch, the build system doesn't see
the new *.s files.
We only implement 'los 4', 'sts 4', 'cmi 4', 'cmu 4', not for sizes
other than 4. Add clause $1==4.
We only implement inn when defined($1).
The rule for aar needs 'kills ALL' because it kills many registers,
like other rules that call libem.
This allows 'move {CONST, $1}, R3' with a small enough $1 to emit one
instruction (addi) instead of two instructions (addis, ori). The
CONST token confusingly isn't in the CONST_ALL set.
The spec says, "ASS w: Adjust the stack pointer by w-byte integer".
The w argument "can either be given as argument or on top of the
stack." Therefore, 'ass 4' would pop the 4-byte integer from the
stack, but 'ass' would pop the size w from the stack, then pop the
w-byte integer.
PowerPC ncg wrongly implemented 'ass' as if it was 'ass 4'. Fix it to
accept only 'ass 4'.
These instructions would load or store the EM heap pointer. They
don't work. Programs must use brk() or sbrk() in libsys.
The last file to use 'lor 2' and 'str 2' was lang/pc/libpc/sav.e in
the Pascal library. Commit c084f9f deleted the file, so we no longer
need rules 'lor 2' or 'str 2' to build the ACK.
PowerPC has a few hundred special-purpose registers. The assembler
had only accepted the names "xer", "lr", "ctr". Most programs use
only those three SPRs. If I add more names, they would almost never
get used, and they might conflict with labels.
I want to use "mfspr r3, 0x3f0" and "mtspr 0x3f0, r3" in
plat/qemu/boot.s to access register hid0 from supervisor mode.
corresponding invocation in the ncg table so the same helpers can be used for
both mcg and ncg. Add a new IR opcode, FARJUMP, which jumps to a helper
function but saves volatile registers.
occasionally the first hop of a block would try to rearrange its registers (due
to evicted throughs), resulting in the phi moves copying values into the wrong
registers.
register 'type'; now use int/float/long/double throughout to identify
registers. Lots of register allocator tweaks and table bugfixes --- we now get
through the dreading Mathlib.mod!
This would have happened later, if f14 to f31 became regvar (like r13
to r31 are now). I am doing it now because ncg is too slow for rules
"with FREG FREG uses FREG". We use such rules for adf 8 and other EM
instructions that operate on 2 floats. Like my last commit cfbc537,
this commit speeds ncg by removing choices for register allocation.
ncg is too slow with this many registers. A stack pattern "with GPR
GPR GPR" or "with REG REG REG" takes too long to pick registers,
causing ncg 8 to take about 2 seconds on each sti 8. I introduce
REG_PAIR and there are only 4 such pairs.
For programs that use sti 8 (including C programs that copy 8-byte
structs), this speed hack improves the ncg run from several seconds to
almost instantaneous.
Also add a few COMMENT(...) lines in stacking rules.
This fixes the SIGILL (illegal instruction) in startrek when firing
phasers. The 32-bit processors in my PowerPC Mac and in QEMU don't
have fctid, a 64-bit instruction.
I got the idea from mach/proto/fp/fif8.c to extract the exponent,
clear some bits to get an integer, then subtract the integer from
the original value to get the fraction.
Adjust some of the loi rules (and associated moves) so we can identify
the tokens that must be in MEMORY.
With this commit, I can navigate the Enterprise even if I comment out
my work-around from e22c888.
Because li32 always loads a label into a GPR, it is sufficient to
coerce LABEL to REG, then use IND_RC_W or IND_RC_D for indirection
through the label.
Now that SUM_RC always has a signed 16-bit constant, it happens that
the various IND_RC_* tokens also have a signed 16-bit constant, so
we no longer need to touch the scratch register.
When loc (load constant) pushes a constant, it now checks the value of
the constant and pushes any of 7 tokens. These tokens allow stack
patterns to recognize 16-bit signed integers (CONST2), 16-bit unsigned
integers (UCONST2), multiples of 0x10000 (CONST_HZ), and other
interesting forms of constants.
Use the new constant tokens in the rules for adi, sbi, and, ior, xor.
Adjust a few other rules to understand the new tokens.
Require that SUM_RC has a signed 16-bit constant, and OR_RC and XOR_RC
each have an unsigned 16-bit constant. The moves from SUM_RC, OR_RC,
XOR_RC to GPR no longer touch the scratch register, because the
constant is not too big.
and epilogues. mcgg now exports some useful data as headers. Start factoring
out some of the architecture-specific bits into an architecture-specific file.
Change the operator in his() from a - minus to a + plus. When los(n)
becomes negative, then his(n) needs to add 0x10000, not subtract it.
Also change los(n) to do the sign extension, because smalls(los(n))
should be true, not false.
Also change hi(n) and lo(n) to wrap n in parentheses, as (n), because
these are macros and n might still contain operators.
attributes when allocating. Unfortunately, backward edges don't work (because
the limited def-use chain stuff doesn't work across basic blocks). Needs more
thought.
turned into generic ones (as they'll be useful everywhere). Node arguments for
predicates require the '%' prefix for consistency. Hex numbers are permitted.
This feature has never been used since its introduction, more than 3
years ago, in David Given's commit c93cb69 of May 8, 2013. The commit
was for "PowerPC and M68K work". I am not undoing the entire commit.
I am only removing the stackadjust and stackoffset() feature.
This commit removes the feature from my branch kernigh-linuxppc. This
removal includes the mach/proto/ncg parts. The default branch already
removed most of the feature, but kept the mach/proto/ncg parts. That
removal happened in commit 81778b6 of May 13, 2013 (which was a merge;
git diff af0dede81778b6). The branch dtrg-experimental-powerpc
merged the default branch but without the removal. That merge was
commit 4703db0f of Sep 15, 2016 (git diff 8c94b134703db0). My branch
kernigh-linuxppc is off branch dtrg-experimental-powerpc, so I can no
longer get the removal by merging default.
David Given described the stackadjust feature in
https://sourceforge.net/p/tack/mailman/message/30814691/
The instruction stackadjust would add a value to the offset, and the
function stackoffset() would return this offset. One would use this
to track sp - fp, then omit the frame pointer by not keeping fp in a
register.
We only need GPRE in a few places where we write {GPRE, regvar(...)}
because ncgg can't parse plain regvar(...). In all other places, a
plain GPR works.
Also remove gpr_gpr_gpr and a few other unused and fake instructions
from the list of instructions.
Rename the scratch gpr (currently r11) from SCRATCH to RSCRATCH so I
can search for RSCRATCH without finding FSCRATCH. I also want to
avoid confusion with the SCRATCH keyword of the old code generator (cg
which came before ncg).
Change the stacking rules to prevent stacking of RSCRATCH or FSCRATCH
or any other GPR or FPR that isn't an allocatable REG or FREG. Then
ncgg rejects any rule that tries to stack a GPR or FPR, so change such
rules to stack a REG or FREG.
order. Since the dominance tree has changed when I fiddled with the graph, I
need to recompute it, so factor it out of the SSA pass. Code is uglier than I'd
like but at least the RET statement goes last in the generated code now.
mcg can track individual hop inputs and outputs (needed for live range
analysis!); the register allocator now puts the basic blocks into the right
order in preparation for live range analysis.
to make special nodes like NOP work properly). Realise that the way I'm dealing
with the instruction selector is all wrong; I need to physically copy chunks of
tree to give to burg (so I can terminate them correctly).
inasmuch as it looks better before register allocation. Basic blocks now know
their own successors and predecessors (after a certain point in the IR
processing).
functions. Not convinced that semantic types are actually working --- there are
still problems with earlier statements leaving things in the wrong registers.
In our powerpc table, sdl fails to kill the old value of the local.
This is a bug, because a later ldl can load the old value instead of
the newly stored value. By rewriting "sdl 0" "ldl 0" as "dup 8" "sdl
0", the newly added rule works around the bug, but only when the ldl
is immediately after the sdl.
This rule improves code that uses double-precision floating point.
The output of printf("%f", 6.0) in C changes from all zero digits to
"6000000" but still doesn't print the decimal point. The result of
atof("-123.456") becomes correct. In startrek, I can now move the
Enterprise, but I still can't fire phasers without crashing the game.
We already have a rule for stl lol $1==$2. We had two copies of the
rule, so I am deleting the second copy.
In EM, fef splits a float into exponent and fraction. The old C code,
given an infinite float, got stuck in an infinite loop. The new
assembly code doesn't loop; it extracts the IEEE exponent.
This fixes code that tried to "addi SP, SP, 4" to drop a value that
was in a register, not on the real stack.
Add a rule to optimize "asp 4" (which becomes "loc 4" "ass") when
the value being dropped is already in a GPR.
When ncg fell back on this rule, it did emit the string "invalid" in
the assembly code and caused a syntax error in the assembler.
Adjust the stacking rules so we can stack LOCAL, CONST, and LABEL
without falling back on the "invalid" rule, and so we can stack them
when we have no free register except the scratch register.
jumps to blocks which contain only a jump). Don't bother storing the bb graph
in the ir nodes; we can find it on demand by walking the tree instead ---
slower, but much easier to understand and more robust. Added a terrible map
library.
instructions can be turned on and off based on their parameters. New lexer
using a lexer. Now quite a lot of the way towards being a real instruction
selector.
GNU as has "la %r4,8(%r3)" as an alias for "addi %r4,%r3,8", meaning
to load the address of the thing at 8(%r3). Our 'la', now 'li32',
makes an addis/ori pair to load an immediate 32-bit value. For
example, "li32 r4,23456789" loads a big number.
Upon enabling the check, mach/powerpc/ncg/table fails to build as ncgg
gives many errors of "Previous rule impossible on empty stack". David
Given reported this problem in 2013:
https://sourceforge.net/p/tack/mailman/message/30814694/
Commit c93cb69 commented out the error in util/ncgg/cgg.y to disable
the Hall check. This commit enables it again. In ncgg, the Hall
check is checking that a rule is possible with an empty fake stack.
It would be possible if ncg can coerce the values from the real stack
to the fake stack. The powerpc table defined coercions from STACK to
{FS, %a} and {FD, %a}, but the Hall check didn't understand the
coercions and rejected each rule "with FS" or "with FD".
This commit removes the FS and FD tokens and adds a new group of FSREG
registers for single-precision floats, while keeping FREG registers
for double precision. The registers overlap, with each FSREG
containing one FREG, because it is the same register in PowerPC
hardware. FS tokens become FSREG registers and FD tokens become FREG
registers. The Hall check understands the coercions from STACK to
FSREG and FREG. The idea to define separate but overlapping registers
comes from the PDP-11 table (mach/pdp/ncg/table).
This commit also removes F0 from the FREG group. This is my attempt
to keep F0 off the fake stack, because one of the stacking rules uses
F0 as a scratch register (FSCRATCH).
Inspired by the sparc code (mach/sparc/libem/lar.s). My powerpc code
might still have bugs, but it's enough for examples/hilo.mod to work.
May need to 'make clean' or touch a build.lua file, so ackbuilder can
notice the new lar4.s and sar4.s files and build them.
calculated incorrectly because of overflow errors.
Replace it with an extended RELOPPC relocation which understands addis/ori
pairs; add an la pseudoop to the assembler which generates these and the
appropriate relocation. Make good.
--HG--
branch : dtrg-experimental-powerpc-branch
the number of types of relocation possible in the object file. (Now,
hopefully, working.)
Also change the object serialiser/deserialiser to never try to read or
write raw structures; it's way safer this way and we don't need the
performance boost any more.
--HG--
branch : default-branch
